Which term describes the protective coating over the fiber within a cable?

The protective coating over the fiber within a cable is referred to as cladding. Cladding is a layer of material surrounding the core of the fiber optic cable, designed to reflect light back into the core. This process ensures that the signal remains contained within the core, allowing for efficient transmission of data with minimal loss. The refractive index of the cladding is lower than that of the core, which facilitates total internal reflection, a fundamental principle in fiber optics.

Understanding this concept is crucial for anyone working with fiber optic installations, as it directly impacts the performance and integrity of the communication signals transmitted through the fibers. Other terms like sheathing and insulation refer to different protective layers that might encase the entire cable or specific components but do not specifically denote the layer that aids in the optical transmission process. Buffering, while it may involve a protective layer around the fiber, is commonly associated with additional protection that helps in managing stress and controlling the mechanical properties of the fiber cable.