Which property of fiber optic cables makes them ideal for high-speed communication?

Low attenuation rates are a critical property of fiber optic cables that contribute significantly to their suitability for high-speed communication. Attenuation refers to the reduction in signal strength as it travels along the fiber. Fiber optics have inherently low attenuation compared to traditional copper cables, meaning that the signal can travel longer distances without degradation. This quality enables efficient data transmission over vast networks, allowing high-speed internet and communications without the need for frequent signal boosters or repeaters.

This low attenuation is primarily due to the refractive properties of the glass fibers, which minimize signal loss while allowing light to travel through them effectively. This characteristic is vital for applications requiring high bandwidth, such as internet services, televisions, and telecommunications.

In contrast, factors like heavy weight and electrical conductivity do not enhance the performance of fiber optics for data transmission. Fiber optic cables are lightweight compared to traditional cables, but this is not a primary reason for their efficiency. Additionally, fiber optics do not conduct electricity, which prevents issues such as electromagnetic interference that can affect signal quality in electrical conductors. Flexibility also plays a role in installation and handling but does not directly impact the speed or quality of data transmission itself.