Which are the two main types of fiber optic cables?

The two main types of fiber optic cables are single-mode and multi-mode. Single-mode fiber is designed to carry light directly down the fiber with minimal signal loss, allowing it to transmit data over long distances. It uses a smaller core diameter, typically around 8 to 10 microns, which only allows one mode of light to propagate.

On the other hand, multi-mode fiber has a larger core diameter, usually around 50 or 62.5 microns, which allows multiple modes of light to travel simultaneously. This type of fiber is ideal for shorter distances due to the modal dispersion that occurs, which can limit its effective range.

Understanding these two types is crucial for determining the suitable applications based on distance, bandwidth requirements, and the specific networking needs. The distinction between single-mode and multi-mode fibers plays a significant role in fiber optics technology, as they cater to different performance characteristics and operational environments.