What does the term "mode" refer to in fiber optics?

In fiber optics, the term "mode" specifically refers to the way light travels through the fiber. A mode represents a distinct path that light can take as it propagates along a fiber optic cable. In multimode fibers, multiple modes exist, allowing several light paths to travel simultaneously, which can affect bandwidth and performance over distance. Conversely, single-mode fibers support only one mode of light propagation, enabling higher transmission speeds over longer distances due to reduced modal dispersion.

Understanding "mode" is crucial for applications in telecommunications and networking, as it directly impacts the design and efficiency of optical systems. The other options, while relevant to fiber optics, do not accurately capture the concept of "mode." For example, core diameter describes physical dimensions rather than light behavior, material type pertains to the physical composition of the fiber, and fiber capacity relates to data carrying potential, but none address the pathways of light as effectively as the definition involving modes.