What advantage relates to the ability of fiber optics to transmit large amounts of data over long distances?

The ability of fiber optics to transmit large amounts of data over long distances is primarily attributed to low attenuation. In fiber optic cables, attenuation refers to the loss of signal strength as the light signal travels through the fiber. Low attenuation means that the light can travel further without significant loss of quality, allowing for high bandwidth communication over greater distances. This characteristic is crucial for applications that require fast data transfer rates, such as internet services, telecommunications, and various data transmission systems.

While electromagnetic interference (EMI) is typically associated with copper cables and the security of fiber optics can be beneficial, these factors do not directly impact the ability to transmit large amounts of data over long distances. Similarly, while fiber optic cables are lighter than traditional copper cables, weight does not play a role in the data transmission capacity or distance it can effectively cover. Thus, low attenuation is the key advantage that enables fiber optics to excel in long-distance, high-capacity data transmission.